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CFC. DECENTERING RESTITUTION [TERROIRS – NEW SERIES]

CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS [TERROIRS – NEW SERIES]

DECENTERING RESTITUTION

AFRICAN PERSPECTIVES ON THE RETURN OF “THINGS”

Deadline : September 10, 2025. Authors will be notified on October 10, 2025. Accepted contributions must be finalized by January 31, 2026, for publication scheduled during the first half of 2026. Proposals and contributions should be sent to Parfait D. Akana (parfait.akana@muntu.media) and Pascal Ndjock (pascal_ndjock@yahoo.fr) with a mandatory copy to manuscripts@mip.cm.

The issue of the restitution of African cultural properties looted in previous centuries, which has been on the international political and media agenda for several years, continues to be viewed primarily through a Western-centric lens. At the heart of the exchanges and discussions that fuel this process are themes focused on the legal frameworks of the countries that hold these objects, their definitions of “art object” or “artifact,” and the universality of the Western-style Museum. As vectors of memory, identity, spirituality, and even development, the disputed entities are also at the center of complex realities, motivations, and dynamics unfolding within African societies, which are little known in their places of exile. To grasp the multidimensional issues involved in restitution, it therefore seems imperative to shift the focus of reflection and investigation.

While the dominant discourse on the subject has often been built around the simplistic dichotomy between “claimants” and “holders,” entire aspects of the issue have been ignored, neglecting the multiplicity of actors, claims, and processes of reappropriation within the communities of origin. The polysemy of these “things” is difficult to perceive and understand using the analytical categories employed by museologists and art historians. In this context, even their ritual functions, social values, and cosmogonic meanings are ignored. The debate is further stifled by the legal, technical, and conceptual argument put forward by the “holders” that these objects cannot be returned, thereby undermining the agency of African societies in the management and promotion of their heritage. It is therefore relevant to proceed with an epistemological shift that allows us to question the very foundations of the different categories and arguments.

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Researches on Returns & Restitutions. Charter of Porto-Novo, Xọgbonu, Ájáshé / Charte de Porto-Novo, Xọgbonu, Ájáshé

Researches on Returns & Restitutions

Charter of  Porto-Novo, Xọgbonu, Ájáshé

(en français ci-dessous / French version below) Pour signer, cliquer ici   / to sign, click here 

Liste des premiers signataires en fin de texte

  Preamble

After decades of mobilization of African communities, countries and diaspora, the restitution of African cultural property is finally effective with the return of 27 properties to Benin and Senegal. Researchers gathered in Benin from January 5 to 11, 2022, to participate in the symposium “Restitution and return of Beninese heritage”, we salute the role of the Republic of Benin in this now irreversible movement. As mobilizations intensify and numerous restitutions are announced, the role of research on these properties, in museums, and/or with communities will be profoundly reconfigured. Hosted at the International Festival of Porto-Novo (FIP), in the heart of a living and inspiring culture, we experimented with this reconfiguration through exchanges with more than thirty communicators and one hundred and fifty participants, including one hundred holders of traditional knowledge, artists and leaders of cultural institutions. Our work focused on the knowledge, memories and rituals associated with different cultural properties, but also on the traditional, contemporary or innovative modalities of their preservation, study and transmission. We have crossed methods and results of our research on things that have already returned, on those that have not left their communities, and on those currently preserved in Western museums. We were struck by the strong synergy of the expressions of the traditional communities, the actors of restitution, the artists and the researchers. The capital city with three toponyms – Porto-Novo, Xogbonu, Ajasè – is the ideal city to affirm the need to examine in our research the plurality of points of view, fields of investigation and languages, without being satisfied with colonial denominations, archives and languages. The research programs we are conducting in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, France, Mali, Nigeria, and Senegal share common ethical, theoretical, and methodological issues. Together, we call for a renewal of scientific practices in research on restitution and return. This charter aims to share our commitment to the foundation of a multidisciplinary research field of restitution studies. Restitution studies may focus on : repatriated property, exiled property, and property that never left; the communities that created them, the knowledge and rituals associated with them, the museums, temples, and communities that house or housed them; the artists who create or recreate them; diaspora actions ; the rules, laws, norms and conventions relating to illicit or illegitimate trafficking and property transfers; the history of colonial, missionary and scientific collections and spoliations; the markets for so-called 6 African art and the creative industries concerned (tourism, series, comics, digital applications); (post)colonial museologies, mediation, cultural policies and audiences in both the North and the South; diplomatic issues; the devices and narratives generated by (requests for) restitutions. This charter is supported by researchers, and commits their research. It is also addressed to all those who collaborate, interact, and rely on the work: communities holding knowledge, cultural institutions, tourism operators, artists, economic and political worlds.

The objective of this charter is threefold:

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